What is GPS? A Small Guide

Global Positioning System: A satellite based navigation system providing accuracy usable for side scan sonar surveys on a worldwide basis. GPS has become a universal, reliable positioning system. Inherent errors in GPS (implemented by the Department of Defense) create inaccuracies of more than 100 meters. Differential base stations can reduce these errors to less than two meters but are time consuming to survey-in and have limited range.
GPS stands for the Global Positioning System. It refers to a system of satellites and receivers that allow people and devices to pinpoint their precise location on the earth. The heart of the system relies on 24 satellites that orbit the earth twice per day. Devices that are equipped with GPS equipment receive transmissions from at least a few of the satellites and are able to discern very precise positioning data.
The first GPS satellite was launched in 1974 and the 24th was launched in 1994. The system is operated by the United States Department of Defense and use of the system is free for anyone. New satellites are periodically launched to replace aging ones. As the technology has improved, the cost of GPS devices has plummeted while the accuracy has increased. Small portable GPS receivers have become very affordable, and the accuracy is amazing. Accuracy varies based on various factors, but it can be as good as a few meters! Land-based supplemental devices can be used to improve accuracy if higher precision is required.
The application of the GPS is very broad, and as the prices come down the number of uses is increasing. Portable GPS devices are used by fisherman and hikers to help them navigate in the wild. Many new cars are being equipped with GPS systems to help drivers with navigation. The military uses GPS to guide cruise missiles to pre-specified targets. For a new activity inspired by GPS, you can read out our answer to: What is geocaching?
On 2 May 2000, the Department of Defense switched off selective availability (SA) which made GPS readings less accurate. They reserve the right to turn it back on during national crises and the like, but for the most part GPS devices are now about 10 times more accurate than they were when selective availability was turned on!
(Global Positioning System), a worldwide MEO (medium or middle, earth orbit) satellite navigational system formed by 24 satellites orbiting the earth and their corresponding receivers on the earth. The satellites orbit the earth at approximately 12,000 miles above the surface and make two complete orbits every 24 hours.
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Global positioning system (GPS) - A Complete Review

Our ancestors used to work extremely hard to protect themselves from getting lost in this mysterious world. They used to erect monumental landmarks, study conventional land maps and of course they used to mark the stars in the night sky.

But today it is very easy to know one's position. You just only have to get a pocket-sized gadget that will make you know your exact position on this earth at any given moment. The system of knowing one's exact position on this earth is known as 'Global Positioning System'. If anyone has a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, and if the sky remains clear, then no way can he get lost on this earth.

Of note is that this pocket-sized gadget, the Global Positioning System receiver, is quite expensive and it also involves a fair amount of technical ingenuity.

GPS is specially a Satellite Navigation System that helps in tracking our exact location with the help of satellites. The Global Positioning System is mainly funded and controlled by the U.S Department of Defense (DOD). The system was primarily designed for the operation of U. S. military. But there are also many civil users of GPS across the globe. The Global Positioning System provides some special satellite signals which are then processed in the GPS receiver. These GPS receiver's not only track the exact location, but can also compute velocity and time.

The positions can even be computed in three dimensional views with the help of four GPS satellite signals. The Space Segment of the Global Positioning System consists of the GPS satellites. These satellites send radio signals from space which are received by the GPS receiver.

There are more than 24 operational and 3 extras (in case one fails) GPS satellites that moves round the Earth every 12 hours.

The control of the Global Positioning System consists of different tracking stations that are located across the world. These monitoring stations help in tracking signals from those Space Vehicles which are continuously orbiting the earth. The Space Vehicles transmit microwave carrier signals. The users of the Global Positioning System have GPS receivers that convert the satellite signals which estimate position, velocity and time. Four satellites are required to track the three dimensional location and time. The primary function of Global Positioning System is the navigation in three dimensions. The Navigation receivers are used for aircraft, ships, and ground vehicles and sometimes for personal use as well.

With GPS receivers, precise positioning of any location can be done. The Global Positioning system is based on a simple mathematical calculation that operates through a process called Trilateration. In order to make the simple mathematical calculation the GPS receiver should know two things.

++ One is the location of the place to be traced by at least three satellites.

++ Secondly, is the distance between the where the receiver is located and each of those Space Vehicles.

All units have multiple receivers, and can pick up signals from several GPS satellites at a same time. These radio waves are electromagnetic energy that travels at the speed of light.

The civil users across the world are allowed to use the Standard Positioning Service without any kind of charge or restrictions.

Tyson J Stevenson has a website devoted to GPS System reviews at http://www.gps-system-reviews.info.

Further information from Tyson can also be found at http://www.hubbuh.info.

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What Is and How Does a GPS Work?

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system made up of a network of about 18-24 satellites placed into orbit. GPS was originally intended for military applications, but in the late 1970s, the government made a system available for civilian use. GPS works in any weather conditions, anywhere in the world, 24/7. There are no cost for the use.
How it works
GPS satellites circle the earth twice a day in the same orbit and transmit signal information to down to mother earth. GPS take this information and use triangulation to calculate the user's exact location. The GPS receiver compares the time a signal was transmitted by a satellite with the time it was received. The time difference tells the GPS receiver how far away from the satellite it is. Now, with this distance measurements from a few more satellites, the receiver can determine the user's position and display it on the unit's electronic map.
A GPS receiver must be locked on to the signal of at least three satellites to calculate a 2d position (latitude and longitude) and track movement. With four or more satellites in view, the receiver can determine the user's 3D position (latitude, longitude and also altitude). Once the user's position has been determined, the GPS unit can calculate other information, such as speed, track, trip distance, distance to destination, sunrise and sunset time and a lot more.
How accurate is GPS?
Today's GPS receivers are extremely accurate, thanks to parallel multi-channel design. Garmin's 12 parallel channel receivers are quick to lock onto satellites when first turned on and they maintain strong locks, even in dense foliage or urban settings with tall houses. Certain atmospheric factors and other sources of error can affect the accuracy of GPS receivers. Garmin® GPS receivers are accurate to 15 meters on average.
Newer Garmin GPS receivers with WAAS (Wide Area Augmentation System) capability can improve the accuracy to less than three meters on average. No additional equipment or fees are required to take advantage of WAAS. Users can also get even better accuracy with Differential GPS (DGPS), which corrects GPS signals to within an average of three to five meters. The U.S. Coast Guard operates the most common DGPS correction service. This system consists of a network of towers that receive GPS signals and transmit a corrected signal by beacon transmitters. In order to get the corrected signal, users must have a differential beacon receiver and beacon antenna in addition to their GPS.
The GPS satellite system
The 18-24 satellites that make up the GPS space segment are orbiting the earth about 12,000 miles above us. They are constantly moving, making two complete orbits in less than 24 hours. These satellites are travelling at speeds of roughly 7,500 miles an hour.
GPS satellites are powered by solar energy only. They have backup batteries onboard to keep them running in the event of a solar eclipse, when there's no solar power. Small rocket boosters on each satellite keep them flying in the correct path.
Here are some other interesting facts about the GPS satellites (also called NAVSTAR, the official U.S. Department of Defense name for GPS):
• The first GPS satellite was launched in early 1978.
• A full constellation of 24 satellites was achieved in late 1994.
• Each satellite is built to last about 10-15 years. Replacements are constantly being built and launched into orbit.
• A GPS satellite weighs approximately 1,500 pounds and is about 16 feet across with the solar panels extended.
• Transmitter power is only 50 watts or less.
What's the signal?
GPS satellites transmit two low power radio signals, designated L1 and L2. Civilian GPS uses the L1 frequency of 1575.42 MHz in the UHF band. The signals travel by line of sight, meaning they will pass through clouds, glass and plastic but will not go through most solid objects such as buildings and mountains.
A GPS signal contains three different bits of information — a pseudorandom code, ephemeris data and almanac data. The pseudorandom code is simply an I.D. code that identifies which satellite is transmitting information. You can view this number on your Garmin GPS unit's satellite page, as it identifies which satellites it's receiving.
Almanac data, which is constantly transmitted by each satellite, contains important information about the status of the satellite (healthy or unhealthy), current date and time. This part of the signal is essential for a good position view.
Sources of GPS signal errors
Factors that can degrade the GPS signal and thus affect accuracy include the following:
• Ionosphere and troposphere delays — The satellite signal slows as it passes through the atmosphere. The GPS system uses a built-in model that calculates an average amount of delay to partially correct for this type of error.
• Signal multipath — This occurs when the GPS signal is reflected off objects such as tall buildings or large rock surfaces before it reaches the receiver. This increases the travel time of the signal, thereby causing errors.
• Receiver clock errors — A receiver's built-in clock is not as accurate as the atomic clocks onboard the GPS satellites. Therefore, it may have very slight timing errors.
• Orbital errors — Also known as ephemeris errors, these are inaccuracies of the satellite's reported location.
• Number of satellites visible — The more satellites a GPS receiver can "see," the better the accuracy. Buildings, terrain, electronic interference, or sometimes even dense foliage can block signal reception, causing position errors or possibly no position reading at all.
• Satellite geometry/shading — This refers to the relative position of the satellites at any given time. Ideal satellite geometry exists when the satellites are located at wide angles relative to each other. Poor geometry results when the satellites are located in a line or in a tight grouping.
• Degradation of the satellite signal — Selective Availability (SA) is an intentional degradation of the signal once imposed by the U.S. Department of Defense. SA was intended to prevent military adversaries from using the highly accurate GPS signals. The government turned off SA in May 2000, which significantly improved the accuracy of civilian GPS receivers.

16 years as an officer in the Norwegian army. See my pages: http://www.gps-info.org/ and http://www.lincoln-navigator.org/

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What Benefit Will You Get From GPS?

Global Positioning System is a navigational aid, funded and controlled by the U.S.
Department of Defense. Since GPS systems utilize 24 satellites that orbit the earth
in a grid pattern, there are always six to eight satellites that are able to
communicate with any given position on earth at any given time. What this does is
give the average consumer the power to find any place on earth at any time day or
night. Just think of the benefits this provides for a wide variety of the public.
Some of the benefits we might receive from GPS are:
Fuel economy: If you want to maximize your fuel economy you'll need a good
GPS system. Saving money at the pump as well as wear and tear on your vehicle
should be one of the main reasons why you would want a good GPS system in your
vehicle. Accurate driving directions not only will save you time in your daily
travels, but also will save you substantial gas money when travelling from place
to place. This is especially important for delivery and courier services.
Travel directions: Utilizing a GPS system will give you accurate directions
for travel. Weather you are travelling locally, across country, or globally, you will
get accurate direction and constant monitoring of your current position. I wouldn't
think of taking another family vacation without a GPS system in my vehicle.
Recreation: Weather you are camping, or hiking, a hand held GPS unit will
benefit you. I can't imagine going camping in the middle of the woods and not
being able to find my way out. The news is filled with daily reports of people
(or kids) that go hiking in the woods or the desert, and can't find their way back
home or to their campsite. A GPS unit is the answer for these people.
Maritime: If you have ever watched one of the popular fishing shows on T.V.,
or are a fisherman or sailor yourself, then you know how a GPS unit will benefit you.
Getting lost at sea or on a large lake would not be fun. The other side of the coin
is the fisherman, say there is a great hotspot on any given lake in the world, that
specific spot can be saved in your GPS system and found again at any time. This
could be beneficial to the recreational or professional fisherman.
Tracking: If you run a courier business, rental business, or just plain delivery
service, and need to keep track of several vehicles, then GPS is what you need. Keeping
track of your vehicles will keep your overhead down. The other end of tracking is keeping
track of a family member or child, a GPS tracking system will aid in your efforts.

I have over 25 years of automotive repair experience. I know quite alot about everything that has to do with your auto. I am ASE certified as well as GM certified. I am originally from Wisconsin, born and raised, lived there for 38 years. I've spent many years in the summer-humid/winter-icy/snowy climate and have dealt with not only repair conditions there but also how to drive properly in those conditions. Fuel economy is probably the most important element to saving money today, and how you drive or how your vehicle performs plays a big part in that. I now havelived in Phoenix for the past 6 years, in the middle of the desert where it reaches up to 115degrees on a summer day. I've seen it all as far as vehicle maintenance and care goes and can help with any problem by email or by visiting my website at http://www.your-auto-repair-help.com/gps.html

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Find All The GPS Systems Information You Need

Are you looking for some GPS systems information? Then come to see us. We have been providing technical courses and advanced GPS training on GPS systems information since a long time ago. We offer more than 20 courses on professional GPS and all you want to know about GPS systems information.

But, first than anything, what is exactly a Global Positioning System (GPS)?

It is a satellite-based navigation system made up of a network of 24 satellites placed into orbit by the U.S. Department of Defense. At first, GPS was going to be used by military applications, but later in the 1980s, the government allowed it to be available for civilian use. It doesn’t matter the weather conditions, GPS keeps working anywhere in the world and the whole day. It is not necessary any subscription fees or setup charges to use GPS.

The second question would be: How it works?

GPS satellites circle the earth twice a day in a very precise orbit and transmit signal information to earth. GPS receivers can calculate exactly where the user is by taking this information and using triangulation. In other words, the GPS receiver compares the time a signal was transmitted by a satellite with the time it was received. The time difference tells the GPS receiver how far away the satellite is. And by repeating this procedure with a few more satellites, the receiver can determine the user's position and show it on the unit's electronic map.

A GPS receiver can calculate the latitude and longitude and track movement if it is locked on to the signal of at least three satellites. And it can determine the user’s latitude, longitude and altitude using four or more satellites. But it doesn’t end with this, because once we have the user's position, the GPS unit can calculate other information, such as speed, bearing, track, trip distance, distance to destination, and much more. So not just you can know where exactly somebody is, but also you can know a lot of things about that person, and it doesn’t matter where in the world that person may be.

There is so much more GPS systems information and a lot of things you can learn to understand and use a GPS system correctly and you can find all of them just by looking for us.

Browse our list of course schedules, course descriptions, locations, and the incredible low prices and discounts we have for you. We also have an extensive selection of books, software, and equipment for GPS users of all types.

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About The Author
J Herrera is a freelance writer for GPS topics.http://www.gps-system-vehicle-tracking.com/gpssystem/11/gps-vehicle-tracking-system.html

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Free GPS Software

I took a look at some of the online offers for free GPS software and found, like many "free" offers there were often limits and provisos involved. Often the freeware is a scaled--down version of purchasable products. Sometimes the free product has restricted functionality with features disabled, other products are trial--based and are disabled after a certain time (hours or days or use).An example of limited free GPS software can be found at GPS Utility. The downloadable freeware is limited 100 waypoints and 500 track points. (There are 65,000 of each in the registered version of their program.) The free program gives you a good opportunity to try before you buy, and this is the benefit of most free programs.There are online sites that list various free GPS software and describe how to use the programs after you download them. Often individuals who have used the programs themselves develop the sites. These are great because they give you an unbiased interpretation of the benefits and disadvantages of the programs before you use them.Using free GPS software you can download programs that allow you to retrieve and display aerial photos, topographical maps, USGS landmarks. There are programs available that allow you import scanned images and add latitude and longitude points and other data.Free GPS software downloads are available for PDA units that are capable of communication with GPS receivers. With these downloads you can have a useful navigation assistant, location database manager, and GPS data converter.Programs to manage GPS waypoint and route files are available for both PC and Mac users. The waypoints and route files can be saved or converted to various formats used by other mapping programs.If you need to transfer information to and from your GPS receiver and your home computer or laptop there are several free programs that allow you to do so. There are also programs that allow Garmin GPS receivers to "talk" to one another.Many of the programs listed here are directed at the hiking/trekker community, but there are also free programs available for auto GPS systems and marine navigational systems. I found a couple of marine navigation programs that allow you to download nautical charts and plotters.There are free GPS software programs that allow you to download street maps that might not be included in your auto--navigation system. If you intend downloading in--vehicle software, make sure that it has audio capacity, an essential safety factor for motorists. One such program offers data for several countries with voice guidance in twelve languages.Free GPS software is also available for downloading to your cell phone. This is mostly tracking software and can be phone specific. You might want to check with your carrier before downloading anything to your cell phone to make sure that it does not incur extra charges.As satellites are constantly moving, it is helpful to know the optimal time for data collection in your area. There is free GPS software that includes an almanac to let you know the availability of satellites at any given time.Some of the free GPS software is brand specific. Programs designed for a Garmin receiver may not work for a Magellan, so check out the specifications carefully, especially if you intend purchasing a registered version after your trial period. Other software works with most brands.Anne King is a sports and recreation writer in Boise, Idaho. For a list of free GPS software, visit Maps GPS Info.com which also provides practical information on GPS and maps that everyone can use. The website includes product reviews and a maps/GPS glossary.Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Anne_King

Want A Recommendation For Buying A GPS? How About 2720 Garmin GPS Pilot Pioneer Street System?

How many times have you decided to buy something, but found it difficult to make a choice between brands? I bet no one can truthfully say never.

Once it comes to navigation devices, you can not go amiss if you purchase the 2720 Garmin Global Positioning System pilot pioneer street system. Street Pilot is among the latest GPS products which the Garmin Company has produced and it offers dependable as well as precise data when you're attempting to navigate your way through a strange place and reach your desired address. The 2720 Garmin GPS pilot pioneer street system is among the first piloting system that was purchasable on the market and it's the choice of lots of folks who are unaccustomed to navigation software and GPS devices.

You have the choice of downloading several street maps with Street Pilot depending on wherever you're at present and wherever you desire to go. The 2720 Garmin GPS pilot pioneer street system could in addition hold your past destinations in its memory so that when you're traveling to the same locations, you will be able to call on your GPS system to direct you once more on your path. All it needs is to input your desired destination and you'll get audio directions that let you to take the correct turns without being forced to be disturbed from your driving.

The 2720 Garmin GPS pilot pioneer street system comes set up to apply straight out of the package. It also comes pre-loaded with traffic check software which could inform you of whatsoever potential traffic problems which could be in your path along your destination road. There are a lot of choices you have when you purchase the 2720 Garmin GPS pilot pioneer street system. You will be able to select how your path is decided. Are you interested in reaching your destination by the smallest distance or the most economic path? All you have got to do is inform the device what you wish and it would return with all the solutions you require.

Another good thing about the 2720 Garmin GPS pilot pioneer street system is that it would additionally display the points of interest like hotels, eating places, petrol stations, and a great deal more. You will be able to input points of interest which interest you like safety zones, school regions, and police headquarters - anything your heart wants. This marvelous unit is a true time saver for people in every kind of occupations and not just for day-to-day driver. You cannot imagine how much simpler the 2720 Garmin GPS pilot pioneer street system would make your driving time. In addition, you have the trustworthy Garmin brand name behind you along with a warranty that the system will function and conform to your requirements. It does not become any better than this!

Make sure you know what GPS tracking and how GPS works before buying one.

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Vehicle Tracking Systems - You May Never Be Lost Again

You might have witnessed the scene. You might have even been part of it yourself. The scene of a frantic man or woman, or even a couple or entire family, driving around with a map, looking for some street, in a business town, with a queue of cars trailing behind, with their drivers pumping their horns and flashing their lights in indignation. These poor people are lost; any haven't yet discovered the wonderful innovation that has made them a fast disappearing brand of road traffic dinosaurs.

There are many that say that the World has become a better place to live in. There are others who would disagree. Of what there can be no doubt is that the technological advances of the last twenty years or so have certainly made the planet that we live on, a lot smaller and easier to navigate.

One of the great advances of the digital age that we live in known as Global Positioning Systems (GPS) has helped to make our lives bother easier and safer in ways that most of are largely aware of. Not just in the case of the poor individual born without a sense of direction to large transport companies, who might have a fleet of hundreds of trucks and vans traveling the nations highways, all day and night, seven days a week all year long.

So what does the GPS system do that it makes our lives simpler and better? The GPS system operates provides a set of individualized information that is generated from a constellation of 24 Earth-orbiting satellites, developed and implemented by the US Defense Department. The information from these solar powered satellites is gathered and working together in a constant grid, the satellites provide a remarkably accurate grid of the entire surface of the earth.

Any vehicle fitted with a GPS transmitter can receive a signal form any three of the twenty four satellites in the system. These signals are translated into information that basically arrives to a mini computer driven receiver installed in the vehicle. In the simplest terms, the driver can be constantly updated with their current location and how to navigate his entire journey from that point.

The amazing thing about GPS is that it is not a new technology. It has been around for the last 25 years or so. For the first decade that it was in use, the US Department of Defense had the sole rights to use it, to keep track of its military vehicles all over the World. They also utilized the power of the GPS technology to monitor the movements of all its vast fleet of ships, up to the largest aircraft carrier all over the World. When all these points had been covered, the S Department of Defense gradually made the technology available to the general public.

At first the cost of these on board receivers made the technology outwith the financial grasp of most individuals, and GPS became the sole regime of the large trucking companies. One of the principal advantages that these companies found in GPS was their ability, for the first time in tracking the exact location of their trucks, and virtually ending the practice of their drivers going "off route" virtually overnight.

Nowadays, due to increased public awareness of how GPS technology can improve our navigation skills have made this project a must for most drivers. Improvements in technology have placed it within everyone's reach, and even the most modest of family saloons now have it fitted as a standard.

Scott Elliott owns and operates http://www.tracking-vehicles.com Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Scott_Elliott

Using Vehicle Tracking GPS Technology

Managing your vehicle resources is a lot easier these days with vehicle tracking GPS technology. Whether you are a fleet manager who manages a hundred vehicles or an individual who has a nspecial car, GPS tracking technology will help you keep track of your vehicle assets.

Basically there are two types of GPS tracking technology used to track and manage vehicles. The cheapest and also the one that has been around for the longest period is called "GPS Logging". GPS logging units are generally placed in a vehicle for a set amount of time and then are retrieved. The unit is normally attached to a computer where the logging software up loads the data into a data base. The information is displayed in map and table form for analysis and use. Logging GPS units are useful due to the fact that they are generally small and inexpensive. They also are very reliable. The major drawback to these vehicle tracking GPS units is that the information is old. Never the less you can make management decisions based on the information loggers provide.

The second and newest type of vehicle tracking GPS technology is called "Real Time" GPS tracking. Just as the name implies real time GPS tracking provides relatively current tracking information on each vehicle being tracked. These tracking units are generally larger and more costly than logger units. They are comprised of a GPS unit and a communication unit. In addition you will have to use a GPS tracking Service Company to access your tracking information. Tracking information is uploaded using standard cell phone or satellite phone technology to the tracking service company which in turn makes it available to its customers.

The service company normally charges a monthly fee for this service. Many service companies provide the tracking equipment and do the vehicle installations. However you can purchase the vehicle tracking GPS equipment and do the installation yourself. If you choose this route you will have to do maintenance and repair work yourself as well.

The real time tracking information is uploaded at different intervals specified by the customer depending on their need. Cross country trucking firms normally have tracking information uploaded every 30 minutes where as a delivery service may need uploads as frequently as every 5 minutes so as to respond to customer pickup orders. As a general rule the more often you require an upload the more the GPS tracking Service Company will charge.

The service company will provide a number of mapping and data base services to the customer including the standard mapping with speed, direction, time stopped and time en route. Advanced vehicle tracking GPS systems provide information on the fuel use, engine performance and fluid levels. Other services such as geo fencing which sends an alarm when a vehicle leaves its assigned area or is being used outside of normal working hours are also available.

Again whether you are a business with a large fleet of vehicles or private citizen, vehicle tracking GPS technology will help you keep track of and manage your vehicle resources.

James Kesel, MS is the Publisher of the GPS Auto Tracker at http://www.gps-auto-trackers.com, providing information on Vehicle Tracking GPS

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Using GPS Tracking Devices to Monitor Employees

GPS vehicle tracking systems can go a long way toward helping business owners manage vehicle use and employee productivity.

Your operations will be much more efficient if you employ GPS technology. Being able to have a route mapped out will allow employees to get work done much faster. It is highly likely that each one of your company vehicles could make at least one more stop, job, or delivery each week. If you have several vehicles, do the math. More deliveries means more satisfied customers and more business. For companies that are growing and have felt a little strain in getting things out to customers, a GPS tracking device can help. Your employees will be able to get more done in less time. You will be able to handle a recent surge in business and feel confident in seeking even more business.

A GPS tracking device also monitors vehicle speed and usage. Certainly you have taken the time to hire trustworthy individuals, but no one is perfect. For example, speeding can raise fuel costs. A well-meaning employee who speeds out of habit probably doesn't think about what this costs the company. A GPS tracking device tracks speeds so managers can be alerted to speeding. This way, they can talk to the employee and let this person know that they need to stick to the speed limit to keep costs down.

You can set up alerts on the software that accompanies a GPS tracking device to inform managers of infractions that you feel need to be addressed. That could be speeding, idling, or traveling beyond certain boundaries. Some employees cannot handle the temptation to make a side trip here or there in a company car. Managers can be made aware of this and take appropriate action as necessary. Again, the employee is probably not thinking about the costs in fuel or added wear and tear on the company vehicle, but as a business owner, you must think about these things.

Article authored by Nancy McCord of McCord Web Design Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Nancy_McCord

Using GPS to Track Cell Phones

Until just recently, in order to be able to use GPS (Global Positioning System) technology to track someone, you would have needed expensive hardware and software. Today, though, there are entire full solutions readily available to allow the average consumer to use GPS even through a regular cellular phone.

Though many believe that the primary reason that GPS was first included in cellular phone technology was in response to parents who want to be able to watch where their children are all the time, the truth of the matter is that as the demand for enhanced 911 (e911) emergency phoning abilities - especially after 9/11 - GPS technology was rapidly integrated into cellular phone technology so that by the end of 2005, all cellular phone providers had to comply with a regulation that allows cellular phone calls to be traced to a specific location to an accuracy of 100 meters or less.

In order to be able to comply with these FCC regulations, the cellular phone carriers decided that it was best to work the GPS technology into the mobile phone handsets themselves, instead of having to rebuild the entire cellular network. However, it should be noted that the GPS technology that has been worked into cellular phones is not the same technology as is used by hikers and other people who live, work, or recreate in remote areas. The majority of cellular phones don't actually allow the user to access the GPS data directly. In order to determine an accurate location, the wireless network must be accessed, and this data will be transmitted only in the case when a 911 emergency phone call has been placed.

Therefore, not all cellular phones provide the ability for users to track someone by way of their phones unless their phone has a specific kind of technology, and is connected to the right kind of network, and is registered for the right kind of cellular service, then they won't be able to use the phone to directly track someone.

However, this does mean that if you do sign up to the right network with the right service and you use the right kind of phone technology, you will be able to track someone - including your child - very easily, no matter where they may be.

If you ever need to find out who owns find out who owns a phone number, check this resource out.

Susan is a part-time life coach and long-time personal fitness trainer with a knack for tech gadgets. You can check out her latest techie project a tool to find out who owns a cell phone number at http://www.SearchAnyNumber.com

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GPS Technology - Its Uses And How Useful Is Garmin Forerunner 305 - A Review

GPS device technology is based on radio navigation system circuitry with complicated integrated circuits and a display panel. These products have flooded the market and malls everywhere and it seems like they are the latest craze in the gizmos arena.

But frankly this craze of ours is not just a craze for latest gadgetry as is usually the case, rather it's quite accurate to assume the popularity of these GPS devices is based on the fact that these devices works wonderfully when it comes to providing real time help.

So let's make an attempt to explain it to a layman about GPS functionality? How does a GPS device Functions? In its simplest form, the underlying technology is several satellites in space and a group of related ground stations that are communicating with each other and exchanging information between GPS and this network of satellites.

This is a simple definition. The actual method involves a lot more namely communication software, hardwares, a set of communication protocol, a process of some kind for assigning addresses and so on but it is for more technically inclined people.

Ok, Now lets start my Garmin forerunner 305 review I am going to cover few features of Garmin forerunner 305 and cool usability of Garmin Forerunner 305. Since GPS now a days are going off the road meaning we are using GPS navigational devices for different purpose like hiking in the woods, trekking, on the boats, bike trails and soon. I am pretty sure one of the very popular navigational device which is suited for such outdoor purpose off the beaten path is my favorite the Forerunner 305 by Garmin. Here are few things about the forerunner 305 Garmin functionality that I liked most.

Runners Please Pay attention here:

Runners will love this GPS device due to the the fact that the Forerunner 305 provides real-time data to help keep them on track, and on target. Another cool feature is that it allows them to keep a tab on their heart rate speed but also how far they traveled and stuff like calories burned - a really useful feature for weight watchers (very important to some of us.) For the serious users, they may also like feature like customize training for fitness needs and to download training courses, sounds fun to me!

A very useful Feature in Garmin's Forerunner 305:

A very important feature technology wise that sets the Garmin's Forerunner 305 GPS apart from other GPS devices is that it make use of new technology that enables it to function properly without losing connection even under heavily covered areas and indoors. This is a cool feature as lot of GPS devices are void of this feature and in my opinion is really helpful feature.

Getting bored while running, no problem with forerunner 305:

To avoid boredom while running and for those who are having a little difficulty staying up motivated you can find some competion with the Garmin's Forerunner 305. You can compare your performance with other runners on the same track. Also, you may choose to take part in a virtual race with competitors on the same path without ever seeing their eyes in the shadow of defeat. So Garmin's forerunner 305 actually is your motivational tool also for beginners who would love to get some help and gives you some real-time competition in order to keep pace.

Battery Life - one of the most important feature in any gadget:

With all latest gadgets comes the issue of battery life. Battery life in forerunner 305 device is up to 10 hrs when excluding the heart rate monitor. What do you think? Because this should be sufficient for most power users. I am sure there will not be many who would need battery life more than that. I expect most runners should be able to use it for several trips or workout. For those who will be charging the device on regular basis should not worry about running out of juice.

Khurram Masood writes about Technology and also educate people on a Technology news website. Find more information at Garmin Forerunner 305 GPS review and read our vitamin guide at Dietary supplements and mineral supplements

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Easy Navigation in the Woods or on the Water with the Garmin eTrex GPS Handheld

I am an expert navigator with a map & compass but neither is as effective or as easy as the eTrex.

I highly recommend the Gramin eTrex as a basic navigational aide. It's also a great starter for learning about GPS systems. It does everything it's meant to and does it very well.

Garmin's claims of one handed usage are for real, it is easy to navigate the interface with the solid buttons on the unit."

The Garmin eTrex GPS has one of the longest battery lives on the market, another major influence to purchase, and because it is only powered by two AA batteries, the maintenance costs are minimal. I highly recommend the Garmin eTrex GPS to users of any skill looking for a quick, reliable and inexpensive GPS fix.

Nothing fancy about this unit -- other than the remarkably easy to use interface. Its not possible to do better in this price range.

The Garmin eTrex GPS works well (superbly well) for the sea kayaker. It's waterproof. You can pre-plot a destination if you know the coordinates. You simply utilize the "go to" feature and the eTrex points the way.

Like most modern hand-held units, the eTrex generates its own map of your movements as a visual tracklog or 'breadcrumb trail'. For retracing your steps ('Trackback' mode) you will see all the detail you will ever need.

NS Kennedy is a keen outdoor sportsman - particularly hunting and fishing - and loves to find out about new gadgets and gizmos that he can use. He started his Garmin GPS Navigation Reviews site http://www.garmin-gps-navigation.com to share his tips and findings with other sportsmen.

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Don't Get Lost, or Become The Wrong Way Roadster; GPS Can Get You Back on Track

If you've ever gotten lost on the way to a business or social function, then it's time to consider a GPS system. It can pinpoint your exact location and provide a map that shows you how to get to your destination.

How does GPS work?

GPS measures the satellite signals in proximity to your location. The GPS receiver absolutely needs to know where it is! This happens by receiving signals from a minimum of three satellites. If it wants elevation, then a fourth satellite needs to come into play.

Next, is the high end math; GPS locks onto a position and uses trigonometry to calculate its position. This is measured in latitude and longitude. From that point, as long as it stays locked onto your location, it can provide the speed, distance and that most valued of all things; a map to your destination.

What is the signal accuracy of GPS?

GPS signal accuracy is approximately 50 feet. But some systems go beyond this range.

Ground stations help GPS systems achieve an accuracy greater than 50 feet. WAAS (Wide Area Augmentation System) correct satellite orbital errors. With 25 ground stations in the U.S., WAAS calculates and transmits the corrected data to fixed-position satellites. WAAS-enabled GPS receivers reach accuracies of 10 feet or less.

DGPS (Differential GPS) also has a correction method with its network of towers. DGPS systems achieve an accuracy of between 10 and 20 feet, but the downside is that these systems require an antenna to receive the corrected signal.

What options are there for a GPS system?

You can either choose a dedicated GPS receiver with displays, or a receiver that works in conjunction with your PDA or notebook computer. At the lower end, dedicated receivers with displays show the location and basic maps. Others at the higher end offer downloadable capability so you can receive more sophisticated map configurations from a PC.

Pocket PCs, Palm OS devices and notebook computers also offer GPS receivers combined with mapping programs. GPS devices come built into some PDA mounts offered by Akron and Seidio.

Bluetooth GPS Receiver

The Bluetooth GPS Receiver is a stand alone receiver that can communicate with a Pocket PC or Smartphone. To use the GPS receiver with your Windows Mobile device it needs to have Bluetooth capability, or you can simply add the receiver to the unit with a CF or SDIO Bluetooth card.

You don't have to be exactly near your GPS receiver to use it. This is what is really cool about this receiver. It's very flexible too. You can place it within 30 meters of your other Bluetooth devices and still have full GPS functionality. Even more surprising...it can actually produce a map and location details while inside a clothing item or in a container.

It's convenient too. Before you leave for a trip, you can input where you want to go and have it all mapped out when you depart for your new destination.

Consider these factors when selecting a GPS system:

• 1. Watch out for lost signals. The GPS signal with a satellite could conceivably get lost in rough or remote terrain, like in a canyon or forest. This can be minimized with a system that continuously monitors 12 satellites.
• 2. Is the GPS system programmable? What is the data package like? Is it cost-effective?
• 3. What is the power supply like? Some in-car systems come with their own batteries, while others are dependent on the car itself.
• 4. Pay attention to interface. Some GPS interfaces run better than others. Find out about their performance from tech journals and colleagues.
• 5. Look at how the maps and directions are displayed. Do you like the presentation? Is it easy to navigate?

GPS - Gets you on track

Think of GPS as a modern take on that classic refrain heard by car passengers everywhere,"Just ask for directions." Only now, you can ask your very own GPS system without worrying about getting lost.

Copyright © Rene Tse is on the look out for mobile devices to enhance her productivity. Rene's reviewed countless sites on the net, but always turns to the one run by herself. Her website, as she says, cuts to the chase and has valued information on: free GPS cell phones, free camera phones and Bluetooth cell phones are the best buys for accessories.

I grant permission to publish this article, electronically or in print,as long as the bylines are included, with 2 live links and the article is not changed in any way.

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Does GPS Vehicle Tracking Equate to 'Big Brother?'

When people ask about my business, I tell them, “My company offers GPS vehicle tracking systems.” Their response lets me know whether they are an employee or a business owner.

The first words out of the mouth of an employee is: “Sounds like ‘Big Brother’ to me.” Oh no, not ‘Big Brother!’ Visions of mind-controlled drones working like slaves come to mind and they quickly walk away.

‘Big Brother?’ What is wrong with a business monitoring their vehicles? Or making sure their employees are doing what they’re being paid to do? Who owns these vehicles, anyway? Does the owner have a right to know how they’re being used?

Now, don’t get me wrong. I believe employees should be trusted and treated as adults. But, if you’ve ever driven a rental vehicle differently than the car you own, then you understand how an employee may mistreat a company vehicle.

Take the speeding employee, for example. Employees who drive too fast waste your gasoline, wear out your vehicle prematurely and sooner or later, drive up your insurance rates.

A GPS vehicle tracking system can alert you when someone exceeds your pre-set speed limit. It’s your vehicle, your fuel and your insurance premium; a tracking system helps you regain control of them.

Who uses your vehicles after hours and on weekends? Is an employee using your vehicle to moonlight? Is he using your gas to move his brother-in-law into a new apartment? You’ll know if you install a GPS vehicle tracking device in your vehicles.

How do you verify overtime claims? Maybe you can verify the work was done, but when? With a GPS tracking system, you can cross-check a vehicle’s location with the time of day it was there.

Have you ever been tempted to take an extended lunch hour? Think your employees might be tempted, especially if they’re out of the boss’s sight? A GPS tracking system records how long each vehicle remains at one location; use it to keep them honest.

Another benefit of GPS vehicle tracking systems: you’ll never make another phone call to find out where your employees are—you can just look on the map displayed on your computer screen. Also, your GPS tracking system will remind you when it's time to rotate tires, change oil or perform other scheduled maintenance. And, many insurance companies offer discounts of up to 30% for vehicles protected with GPS tracking systems.

The employee also benefits when their company vehicle is equipped with a GPS vehicle tracking system.

1. Hand-written driver logs are replaced with data from the tracking system.


2. Using info from the gps tracking system, each employee’s productivity can be quantified and compared; an employee’s performance can be more objectively measured.


3. Your dispatcher can look on a computer screen and locate all your vehicles immediately.

Customers also benefit from GPS vehicle tracking systems. Businesses can provide precise arrival or delivery estimates, because the estimate is based upon the actual location of the tracking device-equipped vehicle at the moment they call. If a customer questions when your employee arrived or left --prove it to them using data from your tracking system.

Still think GPS tracking systems are tools of ‘Big Brother?’ I guess it depends upon your point of view.

The concept of ‘Big Brother’ never comes up with business owners. The business owner will say: “How will tracking my vehicles help my business make more money?” They want to know what GPS vehicle tracking can do for them.

Are GPS vehicle tracking systems ‘Big Brother?’—You tell me.

Ken Sink, owner of My Vehicle WatchDog, is a veteran with 20+ years of transportation experience, including fleet management of over 800 vehicles. Visit http://www.MyVehicleWatchDog.Info for more information about GPS vehicle tracking systems from Fleet Management Solutions, Networkfleet and Sprint/Nextel. Submit your info for a quick, no-obligation system quote. Quantity discounts for volume purchases.

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